Efficacy and safety of tenofovir alafenamide fumarate in treatment of chronic hepatitis B patients aged ≥60 years in Qingdao, China / 临床肝胆病杂志

Objective To investigate the application value of tenofovir alafenamide fumarate (TAF) in elderly patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and its influence on bones and kidneys. Methods A total of 36 CHB patients, aged ≥60 years, who received TAF antiviral therapy in Qingdao Municipal Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao Sixth People's Hospital, Chengyang People's Hospital, and Jimo People's Hospital from June 2021 to October 2022 were enrolled in this study, and all patients received TAF (25 mg/d) antiviral therapy. Related data were collected at baseline and weeks 24 and 48 of treatment, including virological indicators, biochemical parameters, urinary protein electrophoresis indices, transient elastography (FibroScan), and bone mineral density. Virological indicators included high-sensitivity HBV DNA quantification; biochemical parameters included total bilirubin, direct bilirubin (DBil), indirect bilirubin (IBil), alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, total bile acid (TBA), glucose, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and cystatin C (Cys C); urinary protein electrophoresis indices included urinary β2 microglobulin (β2-MG), urinary retinol (URBP), and urinary α1 microspherin (α1-MG). The paired t -test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data before and after treatment, and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data before and after treatment; the chi-square test or the Fisher's exact test was used for comparison of categorical data. Results A total of 36 CHB patients completed 24 weeks of follow-up. The complete virological response rate after 24 weeks of treatment was higher than that at baseline [83.3% (30/36) vs 77.8% (28/36), χ 2 =0.36, P =0.55], and there were significant reductions in DBil ( t =-2.42, P =0.02) and Cys C ( t =-4.34, P 0.05). Conclusion TAF has a good antiviral effect in CHB patients aged ≥60 years and can help more CHB patients achieve complete virological response, without causing damage to the kidney, and it can also improve bone mineral density and liver fibrosis degree.

Quantitative analysis of proteins related to chemoresistance to paclitaxel and carboplatin in human SiHa cervical cancer cells via iTRAQ / 부인종양

Objective@#This study aimed to identify proteins related to paclitaxel and carboplatin chemoresistance in cervical cancer. @*Methods@#Quantitative proteomic analysis was performed on normal SiHa cells and those treated with paclitaxel and carboplatin for 14 days, with isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) analysis. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were used to identify related processes and differentially expressed proteins. @*Results@#A total of 67 and 96 differentially expressed proteins were identified in the paclitaxel- and carboplatin- treated groups, respectively. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses identified 53 (43 upregulated and 10 downregulated) and 85 differentially expressed proteins (70 upregulated and 15 downregulated) in the paclitaxel- and carboplatin-treated groups, respectively. The cell counting kit-8 results revealed that APOA1 was overexpressed in both the paclitaxel- and carboplatin- resistant SiHa cells compared with the control cells. Immunohistochemistry showed that APOA1 was highly expressed in the paclitaxel- and carboplatin- resistant squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. @*Conclusion@#This study is the first to use iTRAQ to identify paclitaxel- and carboplatin- resistance proteins in cervical cells. We identified several proteins previously unassociated with paclitaxel and carboplatin resistance in cervical cancer, thereby expanding our understanding of paclitaxel and carboplatin resistance mechanisms. Moreover, these findings indicate that the APOA1 protein could serve as a potential marker for monitoring and predicting paclitaxel and carboplatin resistance levels.

Effect of tamoxifen on endometrium of patients after breast cancer operation / 中国实用妇科与产科杂志

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinicopathological effects of taking tamoxifen(TAM)on endometrium after breast cancer operation.METHODS: From January 2011 to December 2017,622 cases of breast cancer were treated in Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital,Capital Medical University.Among them,197 patients took TAM,and 59 patients who took TAM underwent hysteroscopic surgery due to abnormal vaginal bleeding or ultrasound endometrial abnormalities.The 59 patients were divided into premenopausal and postmenopausal groups to analyze the pathological condition;the medication time was defined as 3 years and 5 years,so as to observe the endometrial pathology.Set the endometrial abnormal hyperplasia includes: endometrial cancer and the endometrial atypical hyperplasia, and the rest are benign endometrial lesions and the normal endometrium, and then analyze the ultrasound criteria for abnormal endometrial thickening in premenopausal and postmenopausal according to the endometrial pathology.RESULTS: Among the 197 patients who took TAM after breast cancer,59 patients underwent hysteroscopic surgery,32.2%(19/59)of them visited the hospital because of abnormal vaginal bleeding,76.3%(45/59)were pathologically confirmed to have a lesion,in which the endometrial polyps was with the highest incidence.The incidence of endometrial cancer after menopause was 20.0%(6/30),premenopausal endometrial cancer 3.4%(1/29),and atypical hyperplasia before menopause was 20.7%(6/29).When taking TAM for more than 3 or 5 years,the incidence of endometrial cancer and atypical hyperplasia increased.Premenopausal ultrasound endometrial thickness is associated with abnormal endometrial hyperplasia(P=0.035).The endometrial thickness 15 mm can be used as the best diagnostic ultrasound cut-off for the diagnosis of premenopausal abnormal endometrial thickening. Postmenopausal ultrasound endometrial thickness was not associated with abnormal endometrial hyperplasia(P=0.631).CONCLUSION: Taking TAM after breast cancer surgery can result in endometrial polyps and endometrial hyperplasia.Premenopausal patients can also have endometrial cancer and atypical hyperplasia,so the endometrial monitoring should not be ignored.Those who take TAM for more than 3 years need to be more alert to the occurrence of endometrial lesions.The premenopausal B-ultrasound endometrial thickness 15 mm can be used as the best diagnostic ultrasound cut-off for the diagnosis of abnormal endometrial thickening. After the menopause, the endometrial thickness of 5 mm was still used as the standard for abnormal endometrial thickening.

Prevalence of ROP in 3471 premature infants in Suzhou Municipal Hospital / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

·AIM: To retrospectively analyze the prevalence of retinopathy of prematurity(ROP) in 3471 neonates in Suzhou Municipal Hospital. ·METHODS: A total of 3471 children (1947 males, 1524 females) were screened for ROP in Suzhou Municipal Hospital from January 2010 to September 2016 using binocular ophthalmoscope or ( and) RetCamⅡ. First examination was performed from 4-6wk after birth. The ocular findings were recorded according to the International Classification of ROP and The Early Treatment for ROP. Only the more aggressive eye of bilateral asymmetrical cases was counted for statistical purpose. Children with ROP in both binocular or single eye were counted in 1 case, and the cases required surgeries were defined as severe cases. The prevalence of ROP and severe ROP in recent 6a were analyzed retrospectively. ·RESULTS: The overall relevance ratio of ROP and severe ROP was 17.03% and 1.15%. The relevance ratio of ROP and severe ROP of the males were 16.38% and 1.08%,and of the females were 17.85% and 1.25%, the results were not statistically different (x2= 1. 296, P =0.255). The relevance ratio of ROP and severe ROP of the single birth infants were 17.61% and 1.13%, and of the multiple birth infants were 15.13% and 1.23%,the results were not statistically different (x2=2.706, P=0.100). The children were divided into 5 groups according to the birth weight. The relevance ratio of ROP with birth weight<1000g,1000-1499g,1500-1999g,2000-2499g and ≥2500g were 75. 00%, 36. 17%, 10. 75%, 6. 86% and 3. 77%respectively with significant differences (There were significant differences between the three groups which the birth weight <2000g, P<0.005). The relevance ratio of severe ROP were 36.54%, 1.68%, 0.31%, 0.19% and 0 respectively in these birth weight groups (There were significant differences between the three groups which the birth weight <2000g,P<0.005). The children were divided into 4 groups according to gestational weeks, the relevance ratio of severe ROP of gestational age<28wk,28-31wk, 32-36wk and ≥37wk were 69. 12%, 29. 91%, 8.28% and 3.33% respectively with significant differences (There were significant differences between the three groups which the gestational age <37wk, P<0.005). The relevance ratio of severe ROP were 25%, 1.52%, 0.24% and 0 in these gestational age groups respectively (There were significant differences between the three groups which the gestational age <37wk,P<0.005). · CONCLUSION: The detection rate of ROP in 3471 premature infants was 17. 03%, the severe ROP was 1.15%. There was no evidence that sex and birth were related to ROP, but lower birth weight and smaller gestational age increased the detection rate of ROP.

Relationship of intrauterine growth retardation and retinopathy of prematurity / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM:To analyze the association of intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).METHODS:A retrospective analysis of a case series included in ROP screening from January 2011to December 2015 was performed in Suzhou Municipal Hospital.Totally 2527 children (5054 eyes) underwent screening.According to the gestational age,the data was divided into 4 groups (≤32wk,＞32 and ≤34wk,＞34 and ≤37wk,＞37wk).Every group was divided into two groups (IUGR group and no IUGR group) respectively.We compared the incidence of ROP in IUGR and non IUGR group.RESULTS:Of all the 2527 children,IUGR group were 702 including 78 ROP children,and non IUGR group were 1825 including 329 ROP children.There were 991 children were divided into ≤ 32wk group,including 63 IUGR in which 27 children were screened out ROP(42.9％) and 928 non IUGR in which 274 children were screened out ROP (29.5％),the difference on the incidence of ROP was statistically significant (X2 =4.958,P=0.026).There were 1025 children were divided into ＞ 32 and ≤ 34wk group,including 232 IUGR in which 33 children were screened out ROP(14.2％) and 793 non IUGR in which 51 children were screened out ROP (6.4％) and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =14.488,P＜0.001).There were 464 children were divided into ＞ 34 and ≤ 37wk group,including 374 IUGR in which 18 children were screened out ROP(4.8％) and 90 non IUGR in which 4 children were screened out ROP (4.4％) and the difference was not statistically significant (Fischer exact test,P=1).There were 47 children were divided into ＞37wk group,including 33 IUGR and 14 non IUGR,none were screened out in the two groups.CONCLUSION:Intrauterine growth retardation was closely related to the incidence of ROP.In the preterm infants with gestational age less than 34wk,the incidence of ROP in children with intrauterine growth retardation is significantly higher than that in children without intrauterine growth retardation.

Mandibular ossifying fibroma and compound odontoma: a case report / 华西口腔医学杂志

A case diagnosed as ossifying fibroma and compound odontoma in the mandible was reported. The clinicopathological features, diagnosis, and treatment were discussed with the literature review.

Plasmablastic lymphoma: a clinicopathologic analysis of 11 cases with review of literature / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinicpathologic features and diagnosis of plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eleven cases of PBL were collected and followed up, with review of the literature. HIV and EBV status and their relationships with the tumor were specially compared as well.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the current cohort, 10 patients were serologically HIV negative; the male to female ratio was 8 to 3, and the median age was 57 years. Ten cases showed extranodal involvement and one case was nodal based. At presentation, five patients had mid-facial involvement, including sinonasal area (3 cases) and oral cavity (2 cases). Histologically, six were PBL of oral mucosa type, and five were PBL with plasmacytic differentiation. In all cases, the neoplastic cells expressed CD138 and MUM-1, and were negative for CD20 and CD3ε; the median Ki-67 index was 80%. Five cases were EBER1/2 in situ hybridization positive. IgH or/and Igκ gene rearrangement was detected in all five cases examined.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Most patients were no congenital or acquired immunodeficiency in the retrospective study. Of the died patients, EBER1/2 in situ hybridization were negative and their disease staging were Ⅳ, The neoplastic cells were immunoblastic or plasmablastic, sometimes the plasmacytoid cell can be seen and the neoplastic cell had mature plasma cell phenotype, the pathologic diagnosis of the lymphoma is still controversial now. Differentiate with plasma cell neoplasm is difficult, it is necessary to accumulate more cases for advanced study and observation in the future.</p>

Relationship between PARVB rs5764455 polymorphism and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease / 实用医学杂志

Objective To investigate the association between (beta-parvin) PARVB gene rs5764455 polymorphism and susceptibility to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods A total of 230 patients with NAFLD (NAFLD, n = 230) and 230 control subjects (control, n = 330) were genotyped by PCR and direct sequencing. Clinical information was detected and compared in different groups. Genotypic frequency and gene frequency distribution in the two groups and relative risks to NAFLD susceptibility were assessed statistically , respectively. Results No statistical differences were observed between PARVB gene rs5764455 genotypic frequency with gene frequency distribution and the two groups, respectively (Genotypic frequency χ2 = 0.182, P = 0.913; gene frequency χ2 = 0.180, P = 0.672). Comparing C/T + T/T genotype carrier with C/C genotype carrier, there were no differences concerning the relative risks to NAFLD susceptibility (OR = 1.266, P =0.178;adjusted OR =1.631, P =0.096) before and after adjusting body mass, BMI and so on. In the latter group, there are significant differences in the increases of body mass, BMI, TG, ALT and AST (P < 0.05). Conclusion Non-relationship was observed between PARVB gene rs5764455 polymorphism and the risk of NAFLD in Qingdao Han Chinese.

I148M polymorphism of PNPLA3 gene affects cell cycle of hepatoma carcinoma cell Huh-7 / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the cell cycle of Huh-7 cells affected by I148M polymorphism of PNPLA3 gene and the possible mechanisms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Huh-7 cells which could respectively overexpress PNPLA3 wild type and I148M variant were cultured and Huh-7 cells with zero load plasmids were used as matched control, Flow cytometry was conducted to detect the cell cycles of these 3 type of Huh-7 cells and western blot and realtime fluorescence quantitative PCR were applied to investigate the expression of regulatory factors (Cyclin D1 and p53) of cell cycle. t-test was used in statistical analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Cell cycle phase distribution was presented by the proportion of cells in each phases (%), compared with the control group, the cell cycle phase distribution (G1 phase 59.27 ± 0.15, G2/M phase 24.23 ± 0.31, S phases 16.50 ± 0.26) had no differences in wild type group (G1 phase 58.53 ± 0.35, G2/M phase 24.87 ± 0.60, S phases 16.60 ± 0.26; Probability value less than 0.05). While between variant type group and wild type group, G1 phase was significantly decreased (variant type group G phase 38.37 ± 0.21, Probability value less than 0.05), S phase and G2/M phase were increased (variant type group S phase 27.47 ± 0.35, P less than 0.05; G2/M phase 34.17 ± 0.15, P less than 0.05), respectively. compared with control group, the relative expression of P53 mRNA in variant type group was significantly upregulated (control group 1.06 ± 0.41, variant type group 6.54 ± 0.34; Probability value less than 0.05) and there was no statistical significance in wild type group (1.66 ± 0.30, P more than 0.05); Cyclin D1 expression showed no statistical significance in any of these three groups, control group 1.00 ± 0.10, wild type group 1.06 ± 0.03, variant type group, 1.11 ± 0.04; P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>I148M polymorphism of PNPLA3 gene affects cell cycles of Huh-7 cells via up-regulatating P53.</p>

Soft tissue chondrosarcoma occurred in the left parotid region: a case report / 华西口腔医学杂志

Chondrosarcoma is extremely rare in maxillofacial soft tissue. A case diagnosed as well-differentiated chon- drosarcoma in the left parotid region was reported. The clinic pathological features, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis were discussed with the literature review.

Ossifying fibromyxoid tumor in the mandible: a case report / 华西口腔医学杂志

Ossifying fibromyxoid tumor is an uncommon neoplasm with uncertain histogenesis. This tumor is usually characterized by a small, painless mass in the subcutaneous tissue or limb muscles. In this case, an ossifying fibromyxoid tumor of the mandible was reported, and relevant literature was reviewed.

Association between APOC3 promoter region polymorphisms and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the association between two polymorphisms of the APOC3 gene (T-455C and C-482T) and hereditary risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 287 patients with NAFLD and 310 control subjects were genotyped by PCR and direct sequencing. Serum lipid profiles were also detected by standard biochemical</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One-hundred-and-eighty of the study participants were used to measure the APOC3 content by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Inter-group differences and associations were assessed statistically using Chi square and t tests and logistic and linear regression analyses.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The frequencies of neither the genotypes or alleles were significantly different between the NAFLD cases and the controls. Compared with the most common genotypes-455TT or-482CC, none of the variants showed a significant increase in risk of NAFLD or for the clinical and biochemical parameters. The adjusted odds ratios (with 95% confidence intervals) of NAFLD were 1.25 (0.79-1.96) and 1.20 (0.76-1.89) for carriers of the APOC3-455C and-482 T variants respectively (P more than 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The T-455C and C-482T polymorphisms of the APOC3 gene are not associated with risk of NAFLD, pathogenic changes in lipid profiles, or insulin resistance in Han Chinese.</p>

Tongue osteocartilaginous choristoma: a case report / 华西口腔医学杂志

Tongue osteocartilaginous choristoma is the disease that there are well-developed bone and cartilage in the tongue. This article reported a case of tongue osteocartilaginous choristoma in the oral-cavity,which is rare.

Serological monitoring reports of a population at high risk of brucellosis in Qian'an County of Hebei Province in 2011 / 中国地方病学杂志

Objective To study the current situation of human brucellosis infection in a population at high risk in Qian'an,and to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of the disease.Methods Towns with centralized residents working in sheep breeding,transporting,slaughtering and processing in Jianchangying,Muchangkou and Xiaguanying of Qian'an were selected.In each selected town,2-3 villages with relatively centralized households working in sheep farming,transportation and slaughtering were chosen.All of the people who contacted the sheep or their excrement were chosen as monitoring objects,and serological antibody was tested with rose Bengal plate test(RBPT) and serum agglutination test(SAT).Regional,gender,age and occupational distribution of brucellosis were analyzed.Results A total of 367 blood samples were tested,46 of them were positive in both RBPT and SAT with a ratio of 12.53％ (46/367).Male positive rate [13.51％ (30/222)] was slightly higher than that of females [11.03％(16/145)].The rate in Jianchangying was higher than that of other two towns with a ratio of 13.38％(40/299).The veterinary population had the highest ratio of 33.33％(1/3).Conclusions It is necessary to carry out the surveillance on brucellosis and to further strengthen communication with the animal husbandry department,and strengthen protection on key population.At the same time,in order to control the spread of the disease,extensive health education and intervention measures should be carried out.

Ghost Cell Odontogenic Carcinoma Arising from Calcifying Cystic Odontogenic Tumor: A Case Report

Ghost cell odontogenic carcinoma (GCOC) is an exceptionally rare and malignant odontogenic tumor with aggressive growth characteristics. We describe a case of GCOC which was considerably derived from a previously resected calcifying cystic odontogenic tumor (CCOT). Cellular atypia, mitotic activity, Ki-67 labeling index and matrix metalloprotease-9 positive expression rate were all increased in the currently resected specimen compared to the initial one. This is a rare case of malignant transformation of CCOT to GCOC with respect to its histopathological and immunohistochemical findings.

Association of tag SNPs of GPx-3 with essential hypertension in rural Han Chinese in Fuxin, Liaoning, China / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Genetic mechanisms contribute to blood pressure regulation. This study investigated whether glutathione peroxidase (GPx-3) tag single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are associated with hypertension in the rural areas of Fuxin county, Liaoning province, China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Indigenous Fuxin Han people participated, 523 unrelated hypertensives and 547 controls were recruited. All tag SNPs of GPx-3 gene were selected. We estimated SNP allele frequency in DNA pools with pyrosequencing.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Before Bonferroni correction, C allele frequency for rs8177417 was significantly higher in hypertensives than those in controls (23.4% vs. 19.3%, P = 0.014); T allele frequency for rs3828599 was significantly lower in hypertensives than those in controls (35.6% vs. 40.8%, P = 0.009). However, when a Bonferroni correction for multiple testing was applied, only the polymorphisms rs3828599 of GPx-3 gene was associated with hypertension (P = 0.045, OR: 0.833, 95%CI: 0.695 - 0.998).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The polymorphism of rs3828599 of GPx-3 gene might be associated with hypertension in rural Han Chinese from Fuxin, Liaoning.</p>

Anti-proliferative and anti-metastatic effects of curcumin on oral cancer cells / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The purpose of this article is to examine the effect of curcumin on the proliferation and metastasis of human tongue squamous cell carcinoma and analyze its mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>SCC-4 were treated with curcumin of 0, 5, 10, 20, 30, 60, 100 micromol x L(-1) in 24 h. MTT assay, Matrigel invasion assay, flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy were used to examine the effect of curcumin on the growth and metastasis of SCC-4. cDNA microarray and RT-PCR were employed to analyze the expression of genes treated by curcumin.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The results showed that curcumin could concentration-dependently inhibit SCC-4 cell proliferation at the concentration range from 20 to 100 micromol x L(-1). Furthermore, Matrigel invasion assay indicated that curcumin can reduce SCC-4 cell invasion under the dosage of 20, 30, 60 micromol x L(-1). Flow cytometry also showed that curcumin can influence the distribution of cell cycle of SCC-4 cell with the dosage of 20, 30, 60 micromol x L(-1). And the dosage of 30 micromol x L(-1) curcumin could lead to the recruitment of alpha-tubulin. cDNA microarray showed that 87 genes were activated and 198 genes were inhibited with the effect of curcumin. These results were validated by the real time quantitative RT-PCR.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>According to the results, it suggests that curcumin has the potential as the leading compound for anti-cancer proliferation and invasion in oral cancer treatment, and cdc27, EGFR substrate 15, PPAR-alpha and H2A histone may play an important role among this multiple anticancer-targeting ability.</p>

Influence of pertinent nursing method on the treatment effect of intractable affective disorder patients / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To research in the effect of pertinent nursing method on therapeutic effect of postoperative intractable affective disorder. Methods We drew out all the patients who were in accordance with inclusion and exclusion criteria and accepted surgical treatment from June to September in 2008,and obtained 45 patients which were divided into the experimental group(21 participants) and the control group (24 participants) randomly.The experimental group adopted pertinent nmsing intervention in different periods,the control group accepted routine nursing measures.Two psychiatrists evaluated these patients' symptoms using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Bech-Rafaelsen Mania Rating Scale (BRMS), and Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD). Results The difference of total efficiency between the two groups had no statistical significance at 1 week and 1 month after operation, yet, obvious statistical significance was seen on 3 and 6 months after operation.The total points of all scales had no statistical significance at 1 week and 1 month after operation; however, obvious statistical significance appeared on 3 month and 6 month after operation.The improvement of symptoms of the experimental group was better than the control group. Conclusions The nurs-i ng interventions used in this research could improve the therapeutic effect of the postoperative intractable affective disorder, and the effects were reflected mainly in the long term effectiveness.

Anatomic study of canal isthmuses of mandibular permanent incisors by micro-CT / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the anatomic feature of the canal isthmus of mandibular permanent incisors by Micro-CT.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty-three mandibular permanent incisors with two canals were selected through the radiograph in proximal view. These teeth were then scanned using Micro-CT and reconstructed. The scanning layer thickness was 20 microm. We observed the apical 6 mm of the 33 roots, and 300 sections were gained each tooth, giving a total of 9900 sections. The numbers of canals at each level in the apical 6 mm were recorded. The numbers of sections showing isthmuses at each level of the root canals were recorded too. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square statistic to test the null hypothesis that location of the sections in each of the apical 6 mm and presence of the isthmus were independent. The minimum root canal wall thickness was measured in each of the apical 6 mm of the roots.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Isthmuses were found to be present at all levels with prevalence from 10.0% to 85.5%. The Chi-square test indicated a significant difference in the distribution of isthmuses with section (P = 0.0O1). The incidence of isthmuses was higher at the apical 3-6 mm level, and the highest incidence (85.5%) was at 5 mm level. There were many more sections containing complete isthmuses (49.7%) than those containing partial isthmuses (4.5%). The thickness of the minimum root canal was less than 0.5 mm.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The mandibular incisors have a high incidence of isthmus and are narrow in proximal direction. Debridement of the isthmus is a major challenge during surgical and nonsurgical root canal treatment.</p>

A case of parapharyngeal soft tissue clear cell sarcoma / 华西口腔医学杂志

Soft tissue clear cell sarcoma usually occurred in the end of the limbs, especially foot and ankle. Soft tissue clear cell sarcoma occurring in the torso and head and neck were even fewer. In this article, parapharyngeal soft tissue clear cell sarcoma was reported.